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Effects of Endurance Exercise Training, Metformin, and Their Combination on Adipose Tissue Cytokine Secretion in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)
Author(s) -
Jenkins Nathan T,
Padilla Jaume,
Martin Jeffrey S,
Rector R. Scott,
Thyfault John P,
Booth Frank W.,
Laughlin M. Harold
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1142.13
Subject(s) - leptin , medicine , endocrinology , adipose tissue , metformin , type 2 diabetes , tumor necrosis factor alpha , interleukin 6 , secretion , diabetes mellitus , cytokine , chemistry , obesity
Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats are a hyperphagic and obese rodent model of T2D. We randomly assigned OLETF rats (age 20 wks, the onset of insulin resistance) to sedentary (SED), endurance exercise training (TR; 20 m/min, 60 min/d, 5 d/wk running), metformin (MET; 300 mg/kg/d in drinking water), or TR + MET groups. Age‐matched SED Long‐Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats served as controls. At sacrifice (age 30–32 wks), retroperitoneal (RP) fat pads were harvested and incubated in Krebs solution for 60 min at 37°C. RP fat‐conditioned buffers were assayed for interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), leptin, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α). Compared to LETO RP fat, sedentary OLETF RP fat secreted ~30%, ~200%, ~15%, and ~50% more IL‐6, leptin, MCP‐1, and TNF‐α, respectively. Preliminary analysis of treatment effects revealed that: (i) MET alone or TR + MET, but not TR alone, normalized differences between OLETF and LETO groups in IL‐6 and TNF‐α secretion; (ii) only MET, but neither TR nor TR + MET, normalized MCP‐1 secretion; (iii) TR and TR + MET, but not MET alone, normalized leptin secretion. Leptin levels in RP fat‐conditioned buffer correlated with plasma leptin across all groups (r 2 = 0.78, P < 0.01). These data suggest that MET decreases adipose tissue inflammatory cytokine release and that TR decreases adipose tissue leptin secretion in T2D.