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Simulation of Physiologic Strain to Aligned Cells Anchored in 3D Affects Proliferation, Differentiation, and Organization of the Actin Cytoskeleton
Author(s) -
Doroudian Golnar,
Gang Anjulie,
Curtis Matthew,
Russell Brenda
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1060.16
Subject(s) - microbiology and biotechnology , extracellular matrix , cytoskeleton , mesenchymal stem cell , actin , cellular differentiation , actin cytoskeleton , tissue engineering , regenerative medicine , stem cell , focal adhesion , strain (injury) , regeneration (biology) , cell , biology , anatomy , gene , signal transduction , genetics
Human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are an attractive cell source for regeneration of damaged tissue. The objective is to understand how mechanical cues affect the morphology, proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs into different cell lineages. The approach used is to deliver 10% strain at 1 Hz frequency to hMSCs grown in culture on flat surfaces, or on substrata with microposts measuring 15 micrometer high and spaced 75 micrometer apart for 48 h (n=5). The actin cytoskeleton with oriented cyclic flexing and topography became elongated spanning between adjacent microposts. The length/width ratio of the nuclei was highest with both strain and microtopography, and the nuclear area was smaller by addition of either topography or strain. Also all strained cells exhibited approximately two‐fold greater proliferation than relaxed cells. Microarray analysis showed more than 1000 genes differing between the flat‐strain and topography‐strain conditions, including altered gene expression related to muscle function and differentiation, actin assembly, adhesion, and extracellular matrix remodeling (P<0.05). However, cardiac‐specific markers were not seen. Therefore, attention to mechanical stimuli in the creation an artificial stem cell niches is essential for advanced applications for regenerative medicine. (Funded by NIH HL0905230).