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Fish oil supplementation as adjunct therapy for periodontitis
Author(s) -
Coates Alison,
Bartold Mark,
Hughes Toby,
Howe Peter
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1016.3
Subject(s) - medicine , fish oil , periodontitis , polyunsaturated fatty acid , adjunct , clinical trial , gingivitis , randomized controlled trial , aspirin , eicosapentaenoic acid , dentistry , fish <actinopterygii> , fatty acid , biology , biochemistry , linguistics , philosophy , fishery
Long chain omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n‐3 PUFA) found in fish oil have anti‐inflammatory properties that may benefit periodontal health. The present study reviewed evidence for the use of fish oil supplementation as adjunct therapy for periodontitis. Medline, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane databases were searched using the terms ‘omega‐3′ or ‘n‐3 PUFA’ and ‘periodontal disease’ or ‘periodontitis’. Articles were included if they were original studies, involved humans, written in English and published before November 1 2011. Ten unique studies were identified, but two were excluded as they did not feature periodontitis. In one retrospective and three cross‐sectional studies, the prevalence of periodontitis was inversely associated with dietary intakes of LCn‐3 PUFA. Four clinical trials were identified with low participant numbers (n=30–80), LC n‐3 PUFA doses ranging from 900 – 3000 mg / day and supplementation lasting eight days to six months. Only one study included a measure of adherence to supplementation. Improvements in clinical measures tended to occur in all studies, but were significant only in two that used a combination of fish oil and aspirin. Fish oil supplementation shows promise as an adjunct therapy for periodontitis. Long term clinical trials that include biomarkers of compliance are critical for interpreting clinical outcomes. There was no funding source for this study.