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Relationships between breakfast consumption, insulin resistance, and BMI in adult men and women
Author(s) -
Forester Shavawn Marie,
Witbracht Megan G.,
Nunez Marinelle,
Havel Peter J.,
Stanhope Kimber L.,
Graham James L.,
Horn William F.,
Keim Nancy L.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.lb267
Subject(s) - insulin resistance , medicine , context (archaeology) , insulin , insulin sensitivity , endocrinology , biology , paleontology
Breakfast is recommended by health professionals as an important part of healthy eating, but metabolic advantages associated with breakfast eating have not been clearly identified. In one trial, breakfast skipping decreased insulin sensitivity in a small sample of normal weight women. Our aim was to examine if self‐reported breakfast skipping was related to insulin resistance in a sample of 395 adults, aged 21–79 y, BMI 16.3–43.3 kg/m 2 .Subjects responded to a questionnaire that focused on eating occurrences through the day and were classified by how frequently they ate breakfast: 77% were regular breakfast eaters (E‐Br), 14% ate intermittently (I‐Br), and 7% skipped breakfast (S‐Br). Initial analysis of variance revealed that breakfast eating was related to fasting insulin (p<0.02) and HOMA‐IR (p<0.03). Post hoc analysis indicated that E‐Br had lower insulin and HOMA‐IR values, compared to S‐Br (p≤0.05). After adjusting for age and BMI, the effects of breakfast eating on insulin and HOMA‐IR were no longer significant. Although BMI did not differ between breakfast groups, there were strong correlations (p<0.0001) between BMI and insulin (r=0.47) or HOMA‐IR (r=0.48). Our results demonstrate the difficulty in linking metabolic outcome measures and eating habits within the context of a cross‐sectional study. Funding: Denka Seiken Co.& Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Tokyo, Japan and USDA‐CRIS 5306 51530 019