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Antioxidant status and its association with elevated depressive symptoms among US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2005–06
Author(s) -
Beydoun May A,
Beydoun Hind A,
Boueiz Adel,
Shroff Monal R,
Zonderman Alan B
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.975.4
Subject(s) - national health and nutrition examination survey , carotenoid , lutein , depressive symptoms , medicine , quartile , antioxidant , odds ratio , vitamin , vitamin c , endocrinology , confidence interval , biology , population , environmental health , food science , biochemistry , diabetes mellitus
We examined the relationship of elevated depressive symptoms with antioxidant status as measured by serum levels of carotenoids, retinol+retinyl esters, vitamin C and vitamin E. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2005–06 on US adults aged 20–85 years (n=1,798) were analyzed. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire with a score cutpoint of 10 to define “elevated depressive symptoms”. An inverse association between total carotenoid level and elevated depressive symptoms was found with a reduction in the odds by 38% overall with each SD increase in exposure, and by 34% among women (p<0.05). A dose‐response relationship was observed when total carotenoids were expressed as quartiles [Q 4 vs. Q 1 : OR=0.42; 95% CI:0.24–0.72, P<0.001; p‐ value for trend=0.042], though no significant associations were found with other antioxidant levels. Among carotenoids, β‐carotene and lutein+zeaxanthins had an independent inverse association with elevated depressive symptoms among US adults (per 1 SD OR=0.62, 95%CI:0.39–1.00 and 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50–0.96, respectively, p<0.05). Total carotenoids (mainly β‐carotene and lutein+zeaxanthins) in plasma were associated with reduced levels of depressive symptoms among community‐dwelling US adults.