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Long‐term effects of a moderate energy restricted, very low carbohydrate diet on bone health in abdominally obese individuals
Author(s) -
Brinkworth Grant,
Noakes Manny,
Buckley Jonathan,
Clifton Peter
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.774.16
The study compared the long‐term effects of an energy restricted very low carbohydrate diet (VLC) and a conventional high carbohydrate, low fat diet (HC) on bone health. 65 abdominally obese men and women (age: 51.3 ± 7.1 yrs, BMI: 33.5 ± 4.0 kg/m 2 ) were randomized to consume either an energy restricted (~1433–1672 kcal/day), planned isocaloric VLC or HC for 1 year. Body weight, bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) and serum bone cross laps were assessed pre‐ and post‐intervention. Weight loss was similar in both groups (VLC −14.5 ± 9.9 kg, HC −11.7 ± 7.3 kg; P=0.16). By 1 year, BMC had not changed in either group (VLC 2.84 ± 0.47 to 2.88 ± 0.49 kg, HC 3.01 ± 0.52 to 3.00 ± 0.51 kg; P =0.18 time × diet effect). Both groups had significant decreases in BMD (VLC 1.27 ± 0.09 to 1.23 ± 0.09 g/m 2 , HC 1.26 ± 0.09 to 1.23 to 0.08 g/m 2 , P<0.001) and increases in bone serum crosslaps (VLC 319.3 ± 142.6 to 396.5 ± 172.0 ng/l, HC 276.3 ± 100.6 to 365.9 ± 154.2 ng/l; P<0.001) that occurred independent of diet composition (P≥0.50 time × group effect). Weight loss induced by caloric restriction is associated with reductions in BMD and increased bone turnover, but this response is not accelerated with a VLC compared with an HC diet.