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Pharmacokinetics of cranberry juice anthocyanins, flavonols, flavanols, and phenolic acids in urine
Author(s) -
McKay Diane L.,
Chen ChungYen Oliver,
Blumberg Jeffrey B.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.771.7
Subject(s) - chemistry , flavonols , cmax , food science , peonidin , quercetin , bioavailability , polyphenol , cyanidin , urine , kaempferol , proanthocyanidin , cranberry juice , anthocyanin , pharmacokinetics , biochemistry , antioxidant , pharmacology , urinary system , biology , endocrinology , delphinidin
Phenolic acids and flavonoids in cranberries may account for some of their putative health benefits. We have previously characterized the plasma pharmacokinetics of phenolic acids (including sinapic, homovanillic, protocatechuic, and sinapic acids) and flavonols (including kaempferol, myricetin, and quercetin) in 10 healthy adults, 50–70 y old. After a 2‐d run‐in period following a low polyphenol diet, fasted subjects consumed 237 mL low‐calorie, sugar‐free cranberry juice cocktail (54% juice). To determine the pharmacokinetics of cranberry bioactives in urine, samples were collected at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 24 h after beverage consumption for determination of 13 phenolic acids, 2 flavanols, 3 flavonols, 6 anthocyanins, and 7 anthocyanin glucuronides. The maximal urinary concentration (C max ) and time to reach C max (T max ) among the cranberry cyanidin and peonidin glycosides were 0.2–0.9 ng/mg creatinine at 2.2–3.4 h. The C max and T max of 4 cyanidin glucuronides and 3 peonidin glucuronides were 0.9–41.1 ng/mg at 3.0–5.1 h, respectively. The variations in C max and T max for phenolic acids and other flavonoids were more pronounced with concentrations of 0.1–21.1 μg/mg at 3.8–18.8 h, respectively. These data suggest that cranberry phenolic acids and flavonoids are bioavailable and metabolized in healthy older adults. (Supported by USDA and Ocean Spray, Inc.)