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Chromium histidinate reduces brain damage caused by insulin‐induced hypoglycemia
Author(s) -
Komorowski James Richard,
Tuzcu Mehmet,
Sahin Nurhan,
Hayirli Armagan,
Sahin Kazim
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.766.13
Hypoglycemic brain damage is a risk associated with insulin use. This study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of chromium and glucose on brain damage caused by insulin‐induced hypoglycemia. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into treatment groups. Chromium treated rats were orally administered chromium histidinate at a concentration of 110‐mcg/kg/day for 1 week. Hypoglycemia was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 15 units/kg of regular insulin. Hypoglycemia was terminated after 30 min of EEG isoelectricity with a 25% glucose infusion for 3 h to maintain blood glucose at 5–10 mmol/l. Rats injected with saline served as controls. Brains were removed from sacrificed rats and hippocampal tissue samples were analyzed for markers of brain damage. Hypoglycemia significantly increased hippocampal levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐kBp65), and 4‐hydroxynonenal (HNE). Administration of chromium or glucose significantly reduced these markers, but not to the levels measured in the control group. The combination of chromium and glucose treatments resulted in significant improvements over each treatment alone. These results indicate that the combination of chromium and glucose was superior to each treatment alone in reducing markers of hippocampal tissue damage in insulin‐induced hypoglycemia. This work was supported by Nutrition 21, Inc.