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Macrophage polarization in C57BL/6 and Ccl2−/−/Cx3cr1−/− mice
Author(s) -
Liu Melissa,
Cao Xiaoguang,
Villasmil Rafael,
Tuo Jingsheng,
Shen Defen,
Chan ChiChao
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.614.11
Aberrant macrophage polarization towards pro‐inflammatory M1 or pro‐angiogenic M2 populations may play a role in the pathogenesis of age‐related macular degeneration (AMD). This study investigated macrophage polarization in Ccl2 −/− /Cx3cr1 −/− (DKO) mice, which develop focal retinal degenerative lesions (AMD model), and C57BL/6 (WT) mice. Splenic macrophages were isolated from WT and DKO mice and cultured under M1 (IFN‐γ, LPS) or M2 (IL‐4+IL‐13) polarizing conditions. RT‐PCR, ELISA, and Griess Assay were used to evaluate the expression of representative M1 and M2 markers. Relative to WT, DKO macrophages demonstrated impaired ability to respond to M1 but similar ability to respond to M2 stimulation. IFN‐γ significantly increased iNos expression in WT, not DKO macrophages, and with LPS, DKO macrophages showed less upregulation of Tnf‐α, Il‐1β , and IL‐6 expression. Expression of Il‐10 and Arg1 did not vary significantly between WT and DKO macrophages. An impaired ability for naïve macrophages to respond to environmental stimuli promoting M1 polarization may contribute to aberrant systemic immune responses that play a role in AMD pathogenesis. This work was supported by the NEI Intramural Research Program.