Premium
Milk Fat Globule mRNA Elucidates Mammary Gland Gene Expression During Initiation of Lactation in Humans
Author(s) -
Mohammad Mahmoud A,
Sen Partha,
Hadsell Darryl L,
Sunehag Agneta L,
Haymond Morey W
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.590.7
Background The expression pattern of milk related genes during initiation of lactation in humans is not known and may provide clues to the control of milk production. Hypothesis The pattern of gene expression in mRNA milk fat globule (MFG) isolated from human colostrum and mature milk will identify rate limiting processes in the onset of lactogenesis. Subjects Gene expression in the MFG and milk substrate concentrations were measured in 7 healthy exclusively breastfeeding women from 6h to 42d following delivery. Results 15777 and 13047 out of 47231 transcripts were present in the colostrum and mature milk, respectively. Several fold changes (>2) (p<0.05) in abundances of a number of mRNA related to immunological (301) and metabolic and biosynthetic processes of carbohydrate (144), lipid (209), and protein (60) occurred during the transition from colostrum to mature milk. Milk lactose increased from 6h to 96h reaching a relative plateau of ~200mM (2.5 fold increase). Expression of α‐lactalbumin mRNA was high already in the colostrum and did not change. In contrast, UDP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase2 (UGP2) and phosphoglucomutase1 (PGM1) increased 6 and 3 folds, respectively from colostrum to mature milk. Conclusions UDPG2 and PGM1 enzymes may be rate limiting in the production of galactose and lactose and, thus, milk volume. RO1DK 55478, HD 37857, MO1‐RR‐00188, USDA/ARS 6250‐5100