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Usual caffeine intake of U.S. adults: An analysis of NHANES data from 2003–2008
Author(s) -
Fulgoni Victor,
Keast Debra R.,
Lieberman Harris R.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.350.7
Subject(s) - caffeine , national health and nutrition examination survey , medicine , percentile , demography , physiology , environmental health , population , statistics , mathematics , sociology
Based on dietary intake from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2003–2008, we determined usual intake of caffeine using the National Cancer Institute method in adults 19 years and older (n=14,338: 7,036 females) with reliable 24‐hr recall records. Ninety‐four percent of adults reported consuming some caffeine on either of the two days of dietary recall. Mean usual caffeine intake was 197 ± 3 mg/d in adult consumers; males consumed more (224 ± 4 mg/d) caffeine than females (170 ± 3 mg/d) (p<0.01). Caffeine consumption was related to age with younger (19–30 years; 130 ± 4 mg/d) and older (71+ years: 155 ± 4 mg/d) adults consuming less (p<0.05) than those aged 31–50 (222 ± 4 mg/d) or 51–70 years (225 ± 4 mg/d). The 90th percentile of caffeine intake in adult consumers was 414 ± 6 mg/day (463 ± 10 mg/day in males and 361 ± 7 mg/d in females), thus, only 11% of the adult consumers 19 years and older had caffeine usual intakes greater than 400 mg/day (14.3 and 7.7 % in males and females, respectively), a level deemed moderate by some groups. Regression analyses indicated the following were positively associated (p<0.01) with caffeine consumption: age, male gender, white race, married, and use of tobacco. (Support: US Army Medical Research & Materiel Command)