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Impact of Calcium and Iron on Anemia in Bangladeshi Children Using a Novel Multi‐Micronutrient Powder (MNP) Formulation
Author(s) -
Khan Waqas Ullah,
Shafique Sohana,
Shikder Hasina,
Shakur Yaseer A.,
Chowdhury Jalal,
Zlotkin Stanley H.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.343.5
Objective To compare the hemoglobin (Hb) status of anemic infants receiving MNP formulations containing iron with or without calcium. Also, to investigate if the adequate intake of calcium can be met for anemic infants via a calcium and iron‐containing MNP without interfering in iron absorption. Methods A double‐blind, randomized, controlled 2‐month trial was conducted in 26 rural Bangladeshi villages. One hundred 6–11 month old infants were randomized to 1 of 2 MNP intervention groups containing iron (12.5 mg) with or without calcium (400 mg/sachet). Infant Hb and anthropometrics were measured before and after the intervention, while information on dietary intake and family demographics were also collected. Results Both MNP formulations resulted in a significant increase in Hb (P < 0.0001). However, infants who received the MNP without calcium had a significantly higher end‐line Hb (P = 0.024) and rate of anemia recovery ( P = 0.008). Infants receiving MNP with calcium were also more likely to remain anemic (OR 3.2; CI 1.4 – 7.5). Groups did not differ in demographic, anthropometric, or dietary intake. Conclusions Although a significant improvement in Hb status was seen in both groups, the nutrient‐nutrient interaction between iron and calcium likely explains the diminished Hb response in infants receiving the calcium containing MNP. Grant Funding Source : HJ Heinz Company Foundation