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Effects of dairy foods in a moderate energy restricted diet on inflammatory markers and plasma zinc in overweight and obese adults
Author(s) -
Woodhouse Leslie R.,
Peerson Jan,
Souza Elaine,
Domek Joseph,
Freytag Tammy,
Padda Gurleen,
Keim Nancy L.,
Adams Sean H.,
VanLoan Marta D.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.337.3
Subject(s) - overweight , medicine , adiponectin , endocrinology , weight loss , leptin , obesity , insulin , lean body mass , zoology , insulin resistance , body weight , biology
Pro‐inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins are often elevated in obesity, while plasma Zn is often lower. Healthy overweight and obese (BMI = 28–37) men (n=18) and women (n=53) were randomly assigned to an adequate dairy (AD: 3–4 servings/d) or low dairy (LD: ≤ 1 serving/d) 12 wk controlled diet of 500 kcal/d reduction from baseline energy needs. Body fat (BF), lean body mass (LBM), and fasting levels of circulating insulin, leptin, adiponectin, IL1‐β, IL‐6, IL‐8, TNF‐α, PAI‐1, hsCRP and Zn were measured. Mean weight loss was 6.1 kg. Significant decreases (p<0.05) from baseline to 12 wk included body weight (6.8%), BF (14.2%), LBM (1.6%), insulin (12.2%), leptin (24.9%), PAI‐1 (12.7%) & hsCRP (22.8%). All decreases correlated with BF loss, but no differences were observed between AD & LD. Plasma Zn increased (p<0.05) in the AD group (9.5%), which was not explained by dietary Zn intake. IL1‐ β and IL‐6 changes were correlated with the change in LBM; if LBM was conserved IL1‐ β and IL‐6 levels decreased (p<0.05). In summary, a modest weight loss of 6 kg over 12 wks improved markers of inflammation, and adding dairy foods to the weight loss diet increased plasma Zn. Funding: National Dairy Council; USDA, ARS, WHNRC; Dairy Council of CA; CTSC, Clinical Research Center at the University of CA (1M01RR19975‐01), and National Center for Medical Research (UL1 RR024146 )