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Differences in Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load of Tri‐Ethnic Population with and without Type 2 Diabetes
Author(s) -
Huffman Fatma G,
Zarini Gustavo G
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.227.7
Subject(s) - glycemic load , glycemic index , medicine , type 2 diabetes , glycemic , food frequency questionnaire , confounding , diabetes mellitus , ethnic group , population , food group , demography , gerontology , endocrinology , environmental health , sociology , anthropology
The study assessed differences in dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) across tri‐ethnic population with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). A cross‐sectional study was conducted in Cuban (CA=354), Haitian (HA=244), and African Americans (AA=216) with T2D. Participants were recruited from multiple sources from Miami‐Dade and Broward Counties, Florida. Dietary variables were collected using a semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Published GI values were assigned to food items and average dietary GI and GL were calculated. Analyses included descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). After controlling for confounding variables AA had higher dietary GI compared to CA (p=.007) and HA (p=.005). HA had higher dietary GL compared to CA (p<.001) and HA (p<.001). AA had higher dietary GL than CA (p=.002). The interactions between ethnicity and diabetes status were statistically significant for dietary GI (p=.007) and GL (p=.003). CA and HA without T2D had higher dietary GI and GL than CA and HA with T2D [(p<.001 and p=.001) and (p<.001 and p=.007)] respectively. The results of this study demonstrated differences across ethnicities and diabetes status in quality and quantity of carbohydrate intakes. In advising individuals with different ethnicities, these differences need to be considered. Funding for this research was provided through an NIH/NIDDK sponsored grant.