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Carbohydrate intake, blood lipids, and diabetes in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study
Author(s) -
Van Rompay Maria I,
CastanedaSceppa Carmen,
McKeown Nicola M,
Ordovas Jose M,
Tucker Katherine L
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.227.3
Subject(s) - medicine , glycemic index , carbohydrate , dyslipidemia , type 2 diabetes , diabetes mellitus , glycemic , triglyceride , blood sugar , population , glycemic load , blood lipids , metabolic syndrome , cholesterol , endocrinology , environmental health
Puerto Rican adults have prevalent type 2 diabetes (T2D) and dyslipidemia, possibly contributed to by high carbohydrate intake, but this remains understudied. We examined cross‐sectional relationships among carbohydrate intake, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL) and fiber with blood lipids in Puerto Ricans aged 45–75 y, with (n=480) and without (n=733) T2D. Dietary intake was compared by T2D status using Pearson's chi‐square test, ANCOVA, and tests for linear trend. Consistent with recommendations, individuals with T2D had lower intake of total carbohydrate, GL, and total sugars (all P<0.0001), and greater intake of cereal fiber (P<0.001), relative to those without T2D, which was reflected in lower consumption of sugar (P<0.0001), soft drinks (P<0.0001), and fruit juice (P=0.02), and greater consumption of oatmeal (P<0.001). Low HDL‐C was prevalent in both groups (65 vs. 56%, P=0.004, respectively). Higher intakes of carbohydrate and GL were inversely associated with HDL‐C (P‐trend<0.0001), but not with triacylglycerols, in those without T2D. An inverse association between dietary fiber and HDL‐C appeared to be confounded by carbohydrate intake, likely from frequent consumption of legumes with white rice, a refined carbohydrate food. Puerto Rican adults with T2D showed likely dietary modification. Improvement in carbohydrate quality should be emphasized to improve HDL‐C status in this population.