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Tissue engineering based on muscle‐derived stem cells: Potential applications for tissue regeneration
Author(s) -
Huard Johnny
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.185.4
Subject(s) - stem cell , skeletal muscle , regeneration (biology) , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , transplantation , myocyte , population , immunology , medicine , anatomy , environmental health
Members of my laboratory have isolated various populations of myogenic cells from the postnatal skeletal muscle of normal mice on the basis of the cells' adhesion characteristics, proliferation behavior, and myogenic and stem cell marker expression profiles. Although most of these cell populations have displayed characteristics similar to those of satellite cells, we also have identified a unique population of muscle‐derived stem cells (MDSCs). MDSCs exhibit long‐term proliferation and high self‐renewal rates and can differentiate toward various lineages, both in vitro and in vivo. The transplantation of MDSCs, in contrast to that of other myogenic cells, has improved the efficiency of dystrophic muscle regeneration and the delivery of dystrophin to dystrophic muscle. The ability of MDSCs to proliferate in vivo for an extended period of time, combined with their capacity to exhibit self‐renewal, multipotent differentiation, and transplantation. Recent studies performed by members of my laboratory have shown that transplantation of female MDSCs (F‐FMSCs) rather than male MDSCs (M‐MDSCs) significantly improves skeletal muscle regeneration despite the similar myogenic and stem cell marker expression by both cell types. I will explain the increased muscle regeneration efficiency exhibited by F‐MDSCs. My presentation will also address the influence of environmental cues within dystrophic or injured skeletal muscle on the differentiation of MDSCs into fibrotic cells. I will discuss potential strategies by which to prevent scar tissue formation within injured muscle by blocking TGF‐β1 activity. I then will discuss the use of MDSCs in gene therapy and tissue engineering applications designed to improve bone and articular cartilage healing through the genetic modification of MDSCs to express osteogenic proteins (BMP2 and −4) and the angiogenic factor VEGF. I will also outline in my presentation new results obtained with human muscle derived stem cells, which we believe will open new avenues by which researchers could use muscle stem cell‐based gene therapy and tissue engineering to improve tissue regeneration.