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Dietary flaxseed oil and high‐oleic canola oil modulate plasma fatty acid composition and conversion of 13C‐α‐linolenic acid to long‐chain fatty acids
Author(s) -
Gillingham Leah G,
Harding Scott V,
Jones Peter J
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.105.8
Subject(s) - docosapentaenoic acid , docosahexaenoic acid , chemistry , eicosapentaenoic acid , canola , polyunsaturated fatty acid , food science , oleic acid , fatty acid , linolenic acid , medicine , zoology , biochemistry , biology , linoleic acid
The objective was to analyze the effects of diets enriched in flaxseed oil (FXCO) or high‐oleic canola oil (HOCO) versus a Western fat (WF) blend on plasma fatty acid composition and conversion of 13 C‐α‐linolenic acid (ALA) to long‐chain n‐3 fatty acids. Using a randomized, controlled, crossover trial, 18 hyperlipidemic subjects consumed 3 isoenergetic diets for 28 d enriched in FXCO (20.6 g/d ALA), HOCO (2.4 g/d ALA), or WF (1.3 g/d ALA). On day 27, blood was sampled at t = 0, 24, and 48 h after subjects consumed 45 mg uniformly labelled 13 C‐ALA. FXCO diet increased plasma ALA ~5‐fold (4.69 ± 0.26% total fatty acids; P <0.001), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ~2‐fold (1.76 ± 0.17%; P <0.001), and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) by ~50% (0.76 ± 0.04%; P <0.001), with no change in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) compared to HOCO and WF diets. At 24 h the amount of administered 13 C‐ALA recovered as plasma 13 C‐EPA and 13 C‐DPA was 0.86 ± 0.10 mg and 0.13 ± 0.02 mg after FXCO diet, which was lower ( P =0.004 and P =0.011) than that of 1.33 ± 0.22 mg and 0.23 ± 0.04 mg after HOCO diet and 1.15 ± 0.16 mg and 0.24 ± 0.05 mg after WF diet, respectively. No change in 13 C‐DHA was observed between diets. In conclusion, although a high intake of ALA in FXCO diet increased plasma levels of n‐3 fatty acids, such increased levels are not a result of higher conversion efficiency, particularly for DHA. Supported by Flax Canada 2015, Canola Council of Canada, and ARDI. Grant Funding Source : Flax Canada 2015, Canola Council of Canada, and ARDI