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The dose response effects of lean beef on LDL‐C change: Results from the BOLD (Beef in an Optimal Lean Diet) Study
Author(s) -
Roussell Michael Antonion,
Gaugler Trent,
West Sheila,
Vanden Heuvel John,
KrisEtherton Penny
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.938.1
Subject(s) - calorie , context (archaeology) , zoology , food science , beef cattle , chemistry , medicine , endocrinology , biology , paleontology
Observational data demonstrate an association between increased red meat intake and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, several clinical trials that compared cholesterol lowering diets containing lean beef vs. chicken or fish have not observed differences in the lipid‐lowering response. We hypothesized that when saturated fat levels (SFA) are maintained within the recommended range (<7% of calories), increased quantities of lean beef will not increase LDL‐C. The BOLD study employed a cross‐over controlled feeding study design to evaluate the effects of lean beef intake on established and emerging CVD risk factors. Thirty‐seven men and women (LDL‐C <110mg/dL) were fed an Average American control diet (AAD; 11.3% SFA, 1oz beef/d), DASH (6.5% SFA, 1.8oz beef/d), BOLD (6.4% SFA, 4.5oz beef/d), and BOLD+ (6.1% SFA, 6.3oz beef/d) diets for five weeks with a 2 week washout period between diet. LDL‐C significantly decreased on average by 17.9mg/dL for the 3 test diets compared to the AAD control diet. A multivariate regression analysis was used to examine the effect of a dose‐dependent change in lean beef intake (oz/d) on LDL‐C change. There was no significant effect of increasing lean beef intake on LDL‐C change (p=0.4896) in diets that provided < 7% of calories from SFA. In conclusion, increasing intake of lean beef in the context of a heart healthy diet does not attenuate the LDL‐C lowering effect. Supported by: National Cattlemen's Beef Association.