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Maternal body composition in pregnancy among HIV‐infected Malawians: Results of the BAN Study
Author(s) -
Thomas Roshan M,
Adair Linda,
Chasela Charles,
Bentley Margaret,
SiegaRiz Anna Maria,
Knight Rod,
Piwoz Ellen,
Ahmed Yusuf,
Mkhomawanthu Chimwemwe,
Martinson Francis,
Chitsulo Pindile,
Kayira Dumbani,
Jamieson Denise,
Horst Charles
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.735.1
Subject(s) - medicine , pregnancy , weight gain , gestation , weight loss , body mass index , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , zoology , demography , obstetrics , obesity , body weight , immunology , biology , genetics , sociology
We describe change in weight, midupper arm circumference (MUAC), arm muscle (AMA) and arm fat area (AFA) in 1130 pregnant HIV‐infected women with CD4 counts > 200 as part of the BAN Study ( www.thebanstudy.org ), a randomized, controlled clinical trialto evaluate antiretroviral and nutrition interventions to reducemother‐to‐child transmission of HIV during breast feeding. In a longitudinal analysis, we found a linear increase in weight with a mean rate of weight gain of 0.24 kgs/wk, from baseline (12 to 30 wks gestation) until the last follow‐up visit (32 to 38 wks). Analysis of weight gain showed that 17.1% of the intervals between visits resulted in a weight loss. In unadjusted models, MUAC and AMA increased and AFA declined during late pregnancy. Based on multivariable regression analysis, exposure to the famine season resulted in larger losses in AMA [−0.082, 95%CI: −.14, −.02; p=.01] while AFA losses occurred irrespective of season [−0.556, 95%: −.97, −.14, p=.01]. CD4 count was associated with AFA [.002, 95%CI: .001, .003, p=.03]. Age was positively associated with AMA and AFA [AMA: 0.162, 95%CI: 07, .26; p<.01; AFA: 0.200, 95%CI: (.11, .29), p<.01]. Wealth index was positively associated with AFA [0.830, 95%CI: 0.53, 1.13; p<.01]. Low rate of weight gain and decreasing AFA during pregnancy among HIV‐infected women is of concern. Strategies to optimize nutrition during pregnancy appear warranted. Grant Funding Source : CDC and NIH