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Genomic Approach to Evaluate the Anti‐Obesity Potential of (−)‐Hydroxycitric Acid (HCA‐SX)
Author(s) -
Bagchi Debasis,
Lau Francis C,
Bagchi Manashi,
Sen Chandan K
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.551.3
Subject(s) - leptin , endocrinology , medicine , triglyceride , adipocyte , downregulation and upregulation , obesity , lipogenesis , adipose tissue , chemistry , biology , cholesterol , gene , biochemistry
Garcinia cambogia‐derived (−)‐hydroxycitric acid (HCA‐SX) has shown promise in weight management. In a randomized, double‐blind clinical study (n=90), HCA‐SX reduced body weight (BW), BMI, serum leptin, LDL, triglycerides and total cholesterol, while increasing HDL and excretion of urinary fat metabolites. We investigated the effects of HCA‐SX (500 μg HCA/ml, 48 hr) on human adipocytes. Subcutaneous preadipocytes collected from obese, non‐diabetic women (BMI>25) were differentiated from adipocytes for 2 weeks. High density (54676 probe sets) Affymetrix (U133 v3.0) GeneChip analyses were conducted. Results were examined for statistically significant (p<0.05, FDR <5%) genes upregulated or downregulated by HCA‐SX. HCA‐SX upregulated 366 genes and downregulated 348 genes. Candidate genes in both sets (upregulated: MMP1, 3, 10, PLAT, leptin; downregulated: EVOL3, EPHX2, PECR, PLIN, PPARGC1A, LIPG) were also verified using real‐time PCR. The leptin results were verified by ELISA. In functional assays, treatment of adipocytes with HCA‐SX supported lipid droplet fragmentation. HCA‐SX also significantly influenced leptin expression. Consistently, direct measurement showed lower triglyceride levels in HCA‐SX‐treated adipocytes. These results support the hypothesis that HCA‐SX influences specific aspects of adipocyte biology which may explain its effects against weight gain and suppression of appetite to control obesity.