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Effects of protein intake on energy‐restriction‐induced changes in lipid‐lipoprotein profile, glycemic control, resting energy expenditure, and appetite in overweight men
Author(s) -
Tang Minghua,
Armstrong Cheryl LH,
Mattes Richard D,
Leidy Heather J,
Campbell Wayne W
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.343.6
Subject(s) - overweight , endocrinology , medicine , appetite , glycemic , resting energy expenditure , blood pressure , obesity , insulin , chemistry , zoology , energy expenditure , biology
Purpose To assess the effects of dietary protein (pro) on diet‐induced changes in indices of metabolic health. Methods For 12 wk, overweight men (BMI 25.0–39.9 kg/m 2 ), aged 24–75 y, consumed a 750 kcal/d energy deficit diet with 25% energy as fat, and either 15% pro (normal pro, NP, n = 21) and 60% CHO, or 25% pro (higher pro, HP, n = 22) and 50% CHO. The NP diet excluded striated tissue and eggs; the HP diet had 15% pro from eggs and 25% pro from lean pork. Pre and post‐study, fasting blood was taken; body composition, blood pressure (BP), and resting energy expenditure (REE) were measured; and daily appetite was assessed. Results Reductions over time ( p <0.05) in the NP and HP groups included: weight 10 and 9%; fat mass 21 and 20%; lean body mass (LBM) 5 and 3%; cholesterol 18 and 22%; HDL 9 and 9%; LDL 19 and 20%; triacylglycerol 30 and 42%; insulin 3.7 ± 1.4 and 5.4 ± 1.2 μU/mL; HOMA 0.9 ± 0.2 and 1.4 ± 0.2; systolic:diastolic BP 8:6 and 7:8%; and REE 260 ± 112 and 97 ± 78 kcal/d. Diet did not influence these responses, except ΔLBM was greater in NP vs. HP (time × group, p <0.05). ΔREE was predicted by ΔLBM (R 2 = 0.21). Daily desire to eat ratings decreased in both groups, but hunger decreased in HP only. Conclusion Overweight men can successfully improve indices of metabolic health after weight loss when consuming a normal protein vegetarian or higher protein omnivorous diet. Support: Natl Pork Brd; Am Egg Brd‐Egg Nutr Ctr; Purdue Ingest Behav Res Ctr. Grant Funding Source : American Egg Board, National Pork Board