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Identification of anti‐inflammatory constituents in Hypericum perforatum and Hypericum gentianoides extracts using mouse macrophages
Author(s) -
Huang Nan,
Hauck Cathy,
Rizshsky Ludmila,
Murphy Patricia A.,
Nikolau Basil J.,
Birt Diane F.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.321.8
Subject(s) - hypericum perforatum , hypericin , hypericum , hyperforin , chemistry , high performance liquid chromatography , traditional medicine , chlorogenic acid , nitric oxide , pharmacology , chromatography , biology , medicine , organic chemistry
Ethanol extracts from eleven species and accessions of Hypericum were screened for their inhibitory properties on LPS‐induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 mouse macrophages. All extracts inhibited PGE2 production by 19%–45% at 10 μg/ml compared to vehicle control while all but one extract also decreased NO production by 10%–35%. No cytotoxicity was noted on any extract at 30 μg/ml. Among all extracts, those from H. perforatum and H. gentianoides demonstrated stronger overall inhibitory potency. HPLC analysis of the extracts revealed that H. perforatum extract contained pseudohypericin, amentoflavone, quercetin and chlorogenic acid; previously identified as a ‘4 component system’; while H. gentianoides extract contained acylphloroglucinols including uliginosin A. H. perforatum and H. gentianoides extracts were fractionated using semi‐preparative HPLC and several fractions inhibited both LPS induced PGE 2 and NO production dose‐dependently. HPLC analysis of the most active fractions indicated that ‘4 component system’ could be the major contributor to H. perforatum activity and suggested that acylphloroglucinols were potentially involved in H. gentianoides activity. This study demonstrated significant differences between two Hypericum species with regards to anti‐inflammatory compounds and potential mechanism of action, which will be confirmed by further study. Grant Funding Source: P50 AT004155‐06 NCAAM/ODS from NIH