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Starch chemistry affects the kinetics of glucose and SCFA absorption, and insulin and incretin release in pigs
Author(s) -
Regmi Prajwal R.,
Matte J. Jacques,
Kempen Theo A. T. G.,
Zijlstra Ruurd T.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.231.5
Subject(s) - incretin , postprandial , insulin , chemistry , medicine , glucagon like peptide 1 , endocrinology , starch , glycated hemoglobin , gastric emptying , digestion (alchemy) , diabetes mellitus , type 2 diabetes , biochemistry , chromatography , stomach
The objective was to understand the role of starch chemistry on kinetics of glucose and SCFA absorption, and on insulin and incretin release. Four purified starches (crystallinity, 24 to 40%; granule size, 12 to 229 sq. μm; amylose, 0 to 80%; resistant starch, 1.9 to 70.2%; reflected by max. rate of in vitro digestion: from slow, 0.22; 0.38; 1.02; to rapid digestible, 1.92%/min) were included at 70% in diets fed to 4 porto‐arterial catheterized pigs (38.7 ± 1.7 kg BW). Slow vs. rapid digestible starch lowered ( P <0.05) postprandial (PP) net portal appearance (NPA) of glucose 53%, insulin and C‐peptide (peak and 0.5 to 1 h) 55%, NPA glucose to insulin ratio (2 to 10 h) 71%, portal GIP (2 to 2.5 h) 81%, and GLP‐1 (1.5 to 2 h) 36%, and it increased ( P <0.01) NPA of SCFA 196%. Incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of insulin NPA was linearly positively related ( P <0.01) with iAUC of glucose (R 2 =0.49) and incretins NPA (R 2 =0.27) and iAUC of incretin NPA was similarly related with iAUC of glucose (R 2 =0.78) and SCFA NPA (R 2 =0.35) in a regression model. Addition of predicted gastric emptying in the model improved the relation of iAUC of insulin NPA with iAUC of incretins and glucose NPA (R 2 =0.86). Conclusion: slow digestible starch reduces glucose and insulin responses and increases SCFA absorption. Glucose absorption, incretin release, and gastric emptying appear important factors for insulin release. Funding Source: ALMA, Provimi, Alberta Pulse Growers