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Regular Grape Intake Reduces Cardiac and Renal Dysfunction and Metabolic Syndrome in Obesity‐Prone Rats
Author(s) -
Seymour E Mitchell,
Lewis Sarah K,
Bolling Steven F,
Bennink Maurice R
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.219.2
Subject(s) - medicine , metabolic syndrome , endocrinology , hyperinsulinemia , obesity , insulin resistance , abdominal obesity , blood pressure , type 2 diabetes , diabetes mellitus , lipid profile
Metabolic Syndrome is characterized by increased systemic inflammation, abdominal fat, high triglycerides, low HDL, hypertension, and insulin resistance. The presence of some or all of these risk factors predisposes one to Type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Epidemiologic studies suggest that higher intake of fruits/vegetables could modify risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Phytochemicals may be vital to the observed health effects. Grapes are a rich, whole‐food source of phytochemicals. In the obesity‐prone Zucker Fatty rat, we tested the effect of a higher fat diet(45% kcal) with added whole table grape powder(3% w:w). Rats were fed for 90 days. Compared to a macronutrient and calorie‐matched control group, the grape diet had no significant effect on body weight or DEXA‐determined body composition. Grape intake reduced blood pressure and proteinuria while improving cardiac output. The grape‐fed group had reduced heart weight, kidney weight, and liver weight. The grape‐fed animals had reduced fasting serum triglycerides and hyperinsulinemia but not total cholesterol(p=0.12). Finally, grape intake reduced plasma inflammatory markers C‐reactive protein, TNF‐α and IL‐6, and reduced plasma oxidative stress marker 8‐isoprostane. The results suggest that regular intake of grapes reduced several risk factors for cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome.