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Hyperleptinemia and glucose intolerance in rat offspring with long‐term placental insufficiency
Author(s) -
Heltemes Alaina,
Soldner Emma L. B.,
Bozadjieva Nedejda,
Gingery Anne,
Gilbert Jeffrey S
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.1035.10
Subject(s) - medicine , placental insufficiency , endocrinology , insulin resistance , offspring , intrauterine growth restriction , insulin , pregnancy , impaired glucose tolerance , type 2 diabetes mellitus , fetus , diabetes mellitus , placenta , biology , genetics
Placental insufficiency is a primary cause of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in western societies and is associated with the development of chronic diseases such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. We hypothesized that a chronic reduction in uteroplacental perfusion (RUPP) during the third trimester of pregnancy in the rat results in offspring with hypertension, insulin resistance and hyperleptinemia. IUGR was induced by placing silver clips on the abdominal aorta and ovarian arteries. At 9 weeks of age, arterial pressure (AP) was measured, blood samples collected and a glucose tolerance test performed in IUGR and normal pregnancy‐control offspring. AP was increased (121±3 vs. 107±5 mm Hg; P <0.05) and birth weight was decreased (6.12±0.19 vs. 6.68±0.18g; P <0.05) in IUGR compared to control rats. Fasting insulin (0.71±.014 vs. 0.30±0.08 ng/ml; P <0.05), glucose (83 ± 7 vs. 54±4 mg/dl; P <0.05), glucose clearance (area under curve; 26.8 ± 1.5 vs . 23.0 ± 0.8 mg*min/dL; P = 0.05) and leptin (3.8±0.5 vs. 2.3±0.3 ng/ml; P <0.05) were increased in IUGR compared to control offspring. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index was greater in IUGR than control rats (2.9±0.6 vs. 1.0±0.3; P <0.05). We conclude that chronic placental insufficiency during the third trimester results in development of hypertension, insulin resistance, and hyperleptinemia.