Premium
Procyanidin‐ and polysaccharide‐induced γδ T cell priming
Author(s) -
Holderness Jeff S,
Hedges Jodi F,
Daughenbaugh Katie,
Kimmel Emily,
Freedman Brett,
Robison Amy,
Lubick Kirk,
Jutila Mark A
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.lb490
Subject(s) - innate immune system , polysaccharide , priming (agriculture) , immune system , proanthocyanidin , cytokine , chemistry , t cell , biology , immunology , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , botany , polyphenol , germination , antioxidant
We recently characterized the capacity of procyanidins and polysaccharides found in common dietary supplements to stimulate innate immunity. Our studies focused on γδ T cells, innate lymphocytes found in mucosal epithelium and well positioned to encounter and respond to agonists found in dietary supplements. Higher order oligomeric procyanidins, such as those found in unripe apple peel (APP) and polysaccharides from plant bark (Yamoa(tm)) primed γδ T cells. Priming of γδ T cells results in rapid increases in innate cytokine expression and enhanced responses to secondary stimuli. Intraperitoneal injection of either procyanidin or polysaccharide agonists induced rapid peritonitis in mice. Feeding Yamoa(tm) extract to calves altered peripheral blood leukocyte responses. Although both procyanidins and polysaccharides primed γδ T cells, they acted via different mechanisms. Whereas procyanidins directly primed γδ T cells, polysaccharides required accessory cells such as monocytes for optimal priming. Procyanidins induced GM‐CSF and IL‐8 production and mRNA stabilization. Our ongoing studies suggest that the responses of γδ T cells may be responsible, to some degree, for the innate immune benefit provided by these dietary supplements. These studies were supported by a PO1 grant from NIH‐NCCAM and an NIH‐NIAID Contract.