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Lack of effect of omega‐3 fatty acid (PUFA) dietary supplement on clinical measures of periodontitis in humans
Author(s) -
Parulkar Madhura,
Dawson Dolphus R.,
Kryscio Richard,
Novak Michael J.,
Ebersole Jeffrey L.,
Boissonneault Gilbert A.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.lb454
Subject(s) - polyunsaturated fatty acid , medicine , periodontitis , placebo , bleeding on probing , randomized controlled trial , gastroenterology , clinical trial , physiology , fatty acid , pathology , biochemistry , biology , alternative medicine
Previous research in experimental animals suggests that PUFA may improve resolution of periodontitis by inhibiting inflammation and modulating alveolar bone loss, but human data are limited. In the present study 65 patients with chronic periodontitis (mean age 43.9 ± 10.9, 37.8% female and 71.9% Caucasian) were randomized to receive 3 g of PUFA or placebo (PL). In addition, all patients received oral health instruction at weeks 0 and 16. Clinical periodontal measures (pocket depth, bleeding on probing, attachment loss and plaque index) and blood samples for serum and red blood cell fatty acids (FA), were collected at weeks 0, 8, 16 and 28 with data presented for weeks 0,8 and 16. PUFA subjects had significantly greater amounts of DHA and total PUFA in serum at week 8 and 16 when compared to week 0 or to PL at the corresponding time. Similar changes were seen with EPA, DHA and total PUFA in RBC membranes. Despite significant effects of PUFA supplementation on serum and RBC FA content, clinical measures were not significantly associated with lipid changes. These results suggest that PUFA administration may not enhance oral health outcomes in humans with periodontitis, or their effect is dwarfed by the impact of oral hygiene. This research was supported by NIH‐NCRR grant P20RR020145 and GCRC grant #M01RR02602.