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Effect of controlling for background diet in the interpretation of dietary fiber and plasma lipids relationship
Author(s) -
Yu Winifred Wingyun,
Lau Joseph,
Trikalinos Thomas,
Schmid Christopher H,
Lichtenstein Alice H
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.lb437
Subject(s) - cholesterol , medicine , dietary fiber , nutrient , high density lipoprotein , lipoprotein , physiology , food science , zoology , endocrinology , biology , ecology
Background Participants in nutrition studies often consume background diets that include nutrients under investigation. Valid estimates of nutritional interventions therefore require proper control for backgrounds diet in study design. Method We assessed the effect of background diet in a systematic review of 34 trials studying the association of fiber and plasma lipids (total cholesterol [TC], high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL], low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides [TG]). Background diet was defined to be adequately controlled when there were no reported statistically significant differences in energy and macronutrient intakes between experimental and control groups, or when results were adjusted for these variables. For each lipid outcome, the proportion of studies with significant findings was compared between studies with and without adequate diet control. Result Background diet control was adequate in 12 studies. The proportion of studies with significant findings appeared to be higher among studies with, than without, adequate diet control for TC (4/9 vs. 2/17), HDL (2/7 vs. 1/14) and TG (1/8 vs. 1/17) concentrations. These differences were not significant. More studies are needed to confirm these findings. Source of research support: NHLBI T32 HL69772