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Probiotics restore ion transport in infected intestinal epithelial cells by modulating glycosphingolipids signaling.
Author(s) -
RestaLenert Silvia C,
Maruggi Marco
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.978.6
Subject(s) - secretion , signal transduction , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , ceramide , kinase , cell , cell signaling , apoptosis , biochemistry
Glycosphingolipids (GSL) are part of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) membranes and are composed by a sugar moiety attached to ceramide. GSL contributes to many cellular functions, including protein sorting, cell adhesion, cell‐cell signaling and apoptosis. Probiotics are commensal bacteria with the ability to modify cellular processes in a beneficial way. We have shown that a probiotic preparation, S. thermophilus (ST) and L. acidophilus (LA), has the ability in vitro and in vivo to decrease chloride secretion and diarrhea by regulating kinase signaling and levels of ion transport proteins in IEC. Our ST strain expresses bacterial sphyngomyelinase , whereas LA does not. We hypothesized that ST/LA may regulate chloride secretion by altering GSL signaling in IEC. T84 and HT29/cl.19A cells were infected with enteroinvasive E.coli (EIEC) and S.dublin (SD), and were treated with wild type probiotics or mutated ST and/or LA. While wild type ST/LA, LA and ST alone were able to reverse the effects of EIEC and SD on chloride secretion in IEC, a ST strain carrying a mutation of the SMase gene and SMase‐negative commensal Streptococci had no effect on the dysregulated ion transport after pathogens infection. This effect was mediated by ERK1,2 and JNK, as shown by kinases inhibitors treatment. Moreover, we observed significantly altered CFTR and NKCC1 function and cellular distribution after treatment with ST/LA and LA and ST alone after EIEC and SD infection. Our findings provide insight on mechanisms of probiotics effects and on GSL cell signaling in the gut.