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Modulation of plasma cytokine levels in mice without and with collagen induced arthritis by CO2 and isofluorane.
Author(s) -
Christopher Lawrance,
Alexander Heather,
Clarke Stephen,
Lucas Edralin,
Smith Brenda,
Kuvibidila Solo
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.755.3
Subject(s) - tumor necrosis factor alpha , cytokine , medicine , inflammation , endocrinology , secretion , immune system , hypoxia (environmental) , arthritis , rheumatoid arthritis , analysis of variance , immunology , chemistry , oxygen , organic chemistry
Overdose of CO2 or Isofluorane is a common method of euthanasia widely used in mice. Isofluorane has recently been getting much attention due to its immunomodulatory effects. However, the role of both compounds on immune and/or inflammatory markers of mice is limited. In the current study, nineteen‐week old DBA female mice were euthanized with either CO2 (n=55) or isofluorane (n=55) inhalation and plasma was collected for the measurement of soluble ICAM1, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐alpha), and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) by ELISA. Fifty eight of the mice had collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) whereas 52 did not. When mice without and with CIA were pooled, compared to CO2, administration of isofluorane was associated with lower production of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines TNF‐alpha (pg/ml, mean ± SD) (26.1 ± 17.6 versus 48.1 ± 55) and IL‐6 (26.8 ± 19 versus 48.1 ± 47) (ANOVA, p <0.05). In contrast to TNF‐alpha and IL‐6, administration of isofluorane induced the secretion of sICAM1 (1177 ± 347 versus 758 ± 177 for CO2) (p <0.00001). When data were analyzed as a function of CIA, the differences between CO2 and isofluorane persisted. Reduced secretion of sICAM by CO2 may be due to hypoxia induced decreased oxygen tension in the vascular endothelium. Since mice are the most common animal model for studying inflammation, researchers should be aware of these iatrogenic experimental variables before interpreting their data. Supp.: Grant #580790706 (Mushroom Council/USDA/NutriCore) and funds from Oklahoma State University.