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Influence of monosodium glutamate supplementation on plasma glutamine and on enzymes related to glutamine metabolism in rats
Author(s) -
Boutry Claire,
Bos Cecile,
Matsumoto Hideki,
AzzoutMarniche Dalila,
Tome Daniel,
Blachier Francois
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.738.8
Subject(s) - glutamine , monosodium glutamate , glutaminase , medicine , endocrinology , metabolism , glutamine synthetase , glutamate receptor , enzyme , ingestion , chemistry , glutamic acid , biology , amino acid , biochemistry , receptor
Free glutamate could exert signal function and/or metabolic effects due to the presence of receptors in the digestive tract and/or the adjustment of enzymes related to glutamine metabolism. We assessed the physiological and metabolic effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG) in rats at supplemental doses. Seventy four rats received either a MSG‐supplemented diet chronically for 15 days (MSG‐C) or acutely on the day of sacrifice (MSG‐A). A control group (C) received NaCl instead of MSG. The rats were sacrificed after ingestion of a 15N‐labeled meal. The 15‐d MSG supplementation had no effect on food intake, weight gain, body composition and leptinemia. Glutamine concentrations were significantly higher in plasma (+23%) and in urine (+309%) in MSG‐A vs. C. This was associated with an enhanced glutamine synthetase (GS) activity in muscle (+52%) and a decreased glutaminase activity (‐20%) in intestinal mucosa. The dietary N metabolic fate was not influenced by MSG supplementation, except for a higher protein accretion in intestinal mucosa (+13%) in MSG‐C vs. C. In conclusion, an acute MSG supplementation elicited increased glutamine concentration and consistent changes to enzymes activities related to glutamine metabolism. This effect was not maintained when MSG was supplemented chronically for 15 days.