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Chromium regulation of multiple gene expression in rats with high‐fructose diet‐induced metabolic syndrome
Author(s) -
Cao Heping,
HiningerFavier Isabelle,
Benaraba Rachida,
Roussel AnneMarie,
Anderson Richard A.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.726.2
Subject(s) - endocrinology , medicine , glut4 , insulin receptor , metabolic syndrome , glut2 , fructose , glucose transporter , chemistry , insulin resistance , biology , insulin , diabetes mellitus , biochemistry
Chromium (Cr) supplementation alleviates the metabolic syndrome, glucose intolerance, depression, excess body fat, and type 2 diabetes. However, not all studies have reported beneficial effects of Cr. Molecular evidence is lacking on the effects of Cr. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Cr on gene regulation in rats with high‐fructose diet‐induced metabolic syndrome. Wistar rats (10 per group) received a fructose‐rich diet (FD) or FD plus 2g Cr:histidine or 500 mg Cr:picolinate/kg diet for 8 weeks. Quantitative real‐time PCR was used to evaluate Cr effects on the expression of genes coding for the glucose transporter (GLUT) family, insulin‐signaling components, adipokines, pro‐inflammatory cytokines and anti‐inflammatory tristetraprolin (TTP) family in brain, kidney, liver, and muscle. Among the significant results were that many genes were down‐regulated by Cr treatments. Among those down‐regulated genes in the brain include GLUT4, INSR, IRS2, GRB2, PIK3R1, SOS1, IGF1R, IGF2R, TAU, and ZFP36L1. The expression of TTP, VEGFB, INSR and PIK3R1 was significantly reduced in the kidney. Genes with reduced mRNA levels in the liver included TTP, VEGF, GLUT2, GLUT4, INSR, PIK3CB, PIK3R1, GRB2, IGF1R, IGF2R, and HuR. No significant effects were observed in the muscle. These data demonstrate that brain, liver and kidney may be more sensitive to Cr than the muscle (Supported by USDA‐ARS).