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Ethanol extracts of Prunella. Vulgaris inhibit PGE2 and nitric oxide production in mouse macrophage cells
Author(s) -
Huang Nan,
Hauck Cathy,
Yum ManYu,
Rizshsky Ludmila,
Murphy Patricia,
Dixon Philip,
Nikolau Basil,
Birt Diane F.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.716.6
Subject(s) - chemistry , prunella vulgaris , rosmarinic acid , nitric oxide , ethanol , high performance liquid chromatography , lipopolysaccharide , prostaglandin e2 , macrophage , prostaglandin , biochemistry , pharmacology , chromatography , in vitro , biology , immunology , antioxidant , medicine , alternative medicine , organic chemistry , pathology , traditional chinese medicine , endocrinology
Twelve accessions of P. Vulgaris were extracted in water and/or ethanol (EtOH). All extracts were screened for anti‐inflammatory properties in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cells. Significant reduction in prostaglandin E2 (PGE 2 ) (p<0.05, 25%‐50% inhibition compared to control) was noted when EtOH extracts were applied at 30μg/ml or 15μg/ml, for some extracts, and when applying extracts and LPS to cells at the same or different times. However, water extracts showed no significant effect at =50μg/ml. Nitric oxide (NO) production was also measured in this system, and all four EtOH extracts and one of the water extracts had significant inhibitory activity at 30μg/ml. Semi‐preparative reversed phase (HPLC) was employed to fractionate an EtOH extract from accession Ames 27664. Fraction 3 exhibited mild inhibition (p<0.05) on both LPS‐induced PGE 2 (30%) and NO production (13%). Rosmarinic acid (RA) and ursolic acid (UA) concentrations in samples have been analyzed with HPLC and pure RA and UA content simulation suggested that they may account for part of the total PGE2 inhibitory activity. These results together showed that P. Vulgaris EtOH extracts and fractions had anti‐inflammatory activity in mouse macrophage model. Chemical profiling of compounds are ongoing and further dose‐response relationships are yet to be determined. FUNDING: 9 P50 AT004155‐06 NCCAM/ODS from NIH