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Activation of Metalloproteinase in Breast Epithelial Cells by Direct and Secondhand Cigarette Smoke.
Author(s) -
Mukherjee Shyamali,
Das Salil K
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.695.3
Subject(s) - mmp9 , mmp2 , matrix metalloproteinase , apoptosis , western blot , tobacco smoke , breast cancer , medicine , andrology , metalloproteinase , cancer research , immunology , physiology , chemistry , cancer , downregulation and upregulation , environmental health , metastasis , biochemistry , gene
Degradation of extracellular matrix by metalloproteinases (MMPs) plays an important role in tumor development and its progression. Epidemiological studies have linked cigarette smoking to breast cancer. However, the exact mechanism has not been explored. Due to difficulties in conducting such studies in humans, we have developed a cell culture smoke exposure system using the principle of the air/liquid exposure technique. Breast epitheial cells (MCF 10, MCF 12A and MCF 12F) were grown in DMEM/F‐12 media and exposed to both direct and secondhand smoke generated from 1R3F cigarettes in a THRI MS‐SS smoke exposure systems. A sham control group was also used. For the dose response study breast cells were exposed to 0.03, 0.06, 0.12 and 0.18 puff/ml and incubated for 24 h. For time response study, cells were exposed to 0.18 puff/ml and then incubated for 6, 12, 24 and 36 h. Our results indicated that both direct and secondhand smoke exposure caused an increase in cell proliferation at low doses and cellular apoptosis at higher doses. Cells were isolated after 7 days, and Western blot analysis was performed to determine whether smoke exposure causes any change in the MMP2 and MMP9 protein levels. Both direct and secondhand smoke exposure caused a significant increase in the MMP protein levels in all three breast cell lines. (Supported by FAMRI Clinical Innovator Award # 062415).