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Whole grain consumption and body weight measures in children and adolescents: Results from NHANES 1999‐2004
Author(s) -
ZANOVEC MICHAEL,
O'Neil Carol E.,
Cho Susan S.,
Nicklas Theresa A.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.551.5
Subject(s) - national health and nutrition examination survey , medicine , percentile , waist , body mass index , anthropometry , demography , gerontology , zoology , environmental health , mathematics , population , statistics , biology , sociology
The objective of this study was to examine the relationship of whole grain (WG) consumption and anthropometric measures in children and adolescents using a secondary analysis of cross‐sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999‐2004 in children and 6‐12 y (n=3,868) and adolescents13‐18 y (n=4,931) that were categorized by WG consumption: < Mean number of servings, = Mean to < 1.5, = 1.5 to < 3, and = 3 servings of WG. Outcome measures were mean body mass index (BMI), BMI percentiles, BMI z‐scores, and waist circumferences (WC). Analysis of covariance, adjusted for gender, ethnicity, cereal fiber and total energy intake was used to estimate body measures. Significance was p = 0.05. Mean WG intake was 0.59 and 0.63 servings/day in children 6‐12 y and adolescents13‐18 y, respectively. In children 6‐12 y, WG intake was not associated with BMI or WC. In adolescents 13‐18 y, BMI but not WC was significantly lower in the highest WG consumption group. Overall consumption of WG was below current recommendations of = 3 servings per day. Only in adolescents was this level of intake associated with lower BMI z‐scores. Supported by USDA and Kellogg's Corporate Citizenship Fund.