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China's Hypertension Increase Linked Significantly to Its Rapid Rise in Overweight: A 16‐year Longitudinal Analysis: China Health and Nutrition Survey, 1991‐2006
Author(s) -
Du Shufa,
Wang Huijun,
Popkin Barry M
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.547.5
Subject(s) - medicine , overweight , blood pressure , demography , china , logistic regression , body mass index , residence , longitudinal study , environmental health , gerontology , geography , archaeology , pathology , sociology
While the rapid increases in stroke in China and hypertension across the developing world are understood, the underlying nutrition causes of this increase in hypertension are unexplored. Using longitudinal data on 8806 subjects aged 18 and older followed over six waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey, we studied the effect of changes in weight on blood pressure and hypertension. Trained nutritionists obtained weighed dietary data over 3 days combined with individual 24‐h recalls. Trained physicians collected 3 measures of blood pressure over an hour, weight and height data with standardized methods. Multivariate longitudinal logistic regression models were used to estimate the relative risk, controlled for age, gender, education, and urban residence. Prevalence of overweight increased rapidly from 12.8% in 1991 to 27.2% in 2006 (faster among the poorest income tertile: 8% to 23.3%); prevalence of hypertension increased at the same pace from 15% to 27.8% (again fastest among the poorest tertile: 11.3% to 28.1%). Each additional kg of body weight was associated with a 9% increase in risk of being hypertension (RR=1.09, p<0.001). Sodium intake did not modify this relationship. Increased weight accounted for 3.7 per 100 individuals or 11% of the close to 13 percentage point increase in the prevalence of hypertension in China over this period. This research was supported by NIH R01‐HD30880.