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Cholecystokinin and Ghrelin are blunted in overweight women compared to normal weight women after protein preloads.
Author(s) -
Randolph Jody,
Cheema Mandeep,
Edirisinghe Indika,
BurtonFreeman Britt
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.545.12
Subject(s) - ghrelin , medicine , endocrinology , cholecystokinin , overweight , preload , appetite , crossover study , insulin , chemistry , obesity , hormone , hemodynamics , receptor , placebo , alternative medicine , pathology
CCK and ghrelin have opposing roles in appetite regulation and are influenced by incoming nutrients. Protein induces satiety, although its potency varies by source. Whether protein provides equivalent satiety independent of body fatness has not been well characterized bio‐behaviorally. In a randomized crossover design, 10 normal weight (NW, BMI 22.06 ± 1.56) and 10 overweight (OW, BMI 31.82 ± 2.97) unrestrained women (23.65y ± 6) consumed 1 of 4 test beverage preloads (2MJ) containing 40g dairy protein isolates; milk protein (MPI), whey (WPI), and casein (CPI), or no protein control (NPC). Cholecystokinin (CCK), ghrelin, insulin, glucose and subjective satiety (SS; by VAS) were assessed over 5 h at defined intervals post preload. Preload (p<0.006) and time (p<0.0001) affected CCK, insulin, glucose, and SS (n=16 of 20). Preload by BMI interactions were observed for CCK (p=0.02), ghrelin, (p<0.004), glucose (p= 0.01), hunger (p=0.0001) and fullness (p=0.005). The CCK response to preloads was blunted in OW vs NW. Ghrelin was blunted in OW vs NW after CPI and MPI. Insulin was higher in OW vs NW (p=0.04); and as a group (n=16), WPI and CPI induced higher insulin than NPC or MPI. Glucose was higher after NPC vs protein preloads (p<0.001). Hunger and fullness corresponded with CCK and ghrelin responses to preloads suggesting OW people are receiving inadequate signaling to regulate energy intake. Funding provided by USDA NRI.