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Caffeine biomonitoring: using LC‐MS/MS to estimate caffeine exposure in the U.S. population
Author(s) -
Rybak Michael E,
Pao ChingI,
Pfeiffer Christine M
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.353.4
Subject(s) - biomonitoring , caffeine , national health and nutrition examination survey , population , urine , biomarker , repeatability , percentile , isotope dilution , toxicology , chemistry , environmental health , medicine , environmental chemistry , biology , chromatography , biochemistry , statistics , mathematics , mass spectrometry
Caffeine is a psycho‐stimulatory plant alkaloid commonly encountered in the diet. Food frequency reporting is most often used for the epidemiological assessment of caffeine consumption. Biomarker measurement has been proposed as a means of assessing caffeine exposure but is not widely used at present. Our laboratory has developed an isotope‐dilution LC‐MS/MS analysis method that will be used to develop reference ranges for urinary caffeine and its metabolites for the 2009‐2010 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES). These ranges will provide biomarker estimates of caffeine consumption and may also be used to estimate the prevalence of several detoxification enzyme activity classifications ( i.e. , phenotypes) in the U.S. population. The method is capable of measuring caffeine and all its anticipated metabolites in urine at sub‐micromolar detection limits. Metabolites proposed for assessing caffeine exposure or enzyme activity phenotyping could be quantified in >99% of samples in a random subset. Between‐run coefficients of variation (CVs) were generally <10% for these compounds at concentrations at or above the subset 10 th percentile, and within‐run repeatability CVs were <3%. In this paper we present and discuss the analytical performance of our method in the perspective of population biomonitoring studies such as NHANES.