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Four‐year neurodevelopmental outcomes following a randomized trial of long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCP) supplementation during the first 12 months of life
Author(s) -
Hoffman Dennis Robert,
Castaneda Yolanda S,
Garfield Sharon,
Ferguson Paul,
Birch Eileen E
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.2_supplement.736
Subject(s) - randomized controlled trial , medicine , docosahexaenoic acid , pediatrics , polyunsaturated fatty acid , wechsler adult intelligence scale , intelligence quotient , infant formula , arachidonic acid , analysis of variance , fatty acid , cognition , biochemistry , biology , psychiatry , enzyme
Benefits of LCP supplementation for visual and cognitive development have been reported. Long‐term outcome data from randomized trials of LCP supplementation throughout the first year of life are scarce. Objective: To compare IQ scores of children who received LCP infant formula with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 0.36% fatty acid) + arachidonic acid (ARA; 0.72%) for 12 mo with those who received unsupplemented (Control) formula. Methods/Results: In a prospective, double‐masked trial, term infants were randomized to receive LCP or Control formula until 12 mo of age. The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence‐R was given at age 4 y and data analyzed by ANOVA. Children who were fed LCP (n=19) had significantly higher verbal (105.4±2.9; X±SE) and full scale (106.9±2.7) IQ than those fed Control formula (n= 18; 96.9±2.9, 98.9±2.8; p verbal & p full <0.05). We also conducted a meta‐analysis of the results from this study and a study in which children were randomized to the same two infant formulas until 4 mo of age (Birch et al, 2007). Combined data were analyzed by ANOVA. Children fed LCP (n=36) had significantly higher verbal (105.0±2.0) and full scale (107.2±2.0) IQ at 4 y than those fed Control formula (n=37; 97.9±2.0, 99.9±1.9; p verbal & p full <0.05). Conclusions: At 4 y of age, children who had received LCP infant formula scored higher on IQ tests vs those who received unsupplemented formula. Supported by NIH HD22380