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Anti‐inflammatory effects of cranberry juice in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells.
Author(s) -
Beverly Kandice,
Basu Arpita,
Lucas Edralin A.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.890.8
Subject(s) - cranberry juice , vaccinium , chemistry , lipopolysaccharide , nitric oxide , tumor necrosis factor alpha , proanthocyanidin , inflammation , western blot , nitric oxide synthase , anti inflammatory , prostaglandin e2 , pharmacology , macrophage , food science , biochemistry , biology , in vitro , immunology , endocrinology , antioxidant , botany , polyphenol , urinary system , organic chemistry , gene
Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables may protect against many chronic diseases due to its anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative flavonoids. Proanthocyanidins are a subclass of flavonoids with powerful anti‐oxidative and anti‐inflammatory effects and are found in Vaccinium berries such as cranberries. In this study, we have investigated the in vitro anti‐inflammatory effects of cranberry juice. RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells were treated with different concentrations of cranberry juice (0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20%, v/v) for 24 h and then stimulated with 500 ng/mL of E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for another 24 h to induce inflammation. Cell viability, nitric oxide (NO), cytokines, and protein levels of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were assessed. Cranberry juice at concentration of 20% significantly reduced iNOS expression, NO, and prostaglandin E 2 secretion ( P <0.05). Western blot data showed that cranberry juice did not affect protein levels of COX‐2. Cranberry juice has no effect on interleukin‐6 (IL6) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) concentrations. The results from this study indicate that cranberry juice effectively inhibits pro‐inflammatory markers such as NO and PGE 2 but has little effect on TNF‐α and IL‐6, and warrants further investigations as a component of medical nutrition therapy for chronic diseases. (Supported by College of Human Environmental Sciences, Oklahoma State University)