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An edema toxin‐based sublingual vaccine promotes immunity against both anthrax toxin and yersinia pestis antigens
Author(s) -
Boyaka Prosper N,
Duverger Alexandra,
Tang WeiJen,
Leppla Stephen H
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.853.7
Subject(s) - anthrax toxin , adjuvant , bacillus anthracis , antigen , cholera toxin , anthrax vaccines , immunology , toxin , medicine , immunoglobulin a , immune system , saliva , edema , microbiology and biotechnology , antibody , immunoglobulin g , immunization , biology , recombinant dna , fusion protein , dna vaccination , biochemistry , genetics , gene , bacteria
Our separate studies have shown that nasal co‐administration of anthrax edema toxin (EdTx) derivative [i.e., protective antigen (PA) plus edema factor (EF) mutant N447S], enhances mucosal IgA and systemic immunity to both PA and co‐administered unrelated protein antigen. However, while both native and mutant derivatives of EdTx as transcutaneous adjuvants promoted IgG (serum and saliva) responses systemic to either PA or co‐administered antigen they failed to induce IgA responses. This study examined whether sublingual application of EdTx could induce mucosal IgA Ab responses against both anthrax PA and Yersinia pestis F1‐V antigens. Mice immunized by sublingual application of EdTx plus recombinant F1‐V developed significant levels of antigen (i.e., F1‐V and PA)‐specific IgA Abs in the serum, saliva, and vaginal secretion. The adjuvant activity of EdTx given by the sublingual route induced IgG responses characterized by IgG1>IgG2b>>IgG2a, IgG3. Interestingly, sublingual immunization with F1‐V and cholera toxin as adjuvant promoted IgG responses with the characteristics of a mixed Th1/Th2 responses (i.e., IgG1>IgG2a, IgG2b>IgG23. Our results indicates that EdTx derivatives represent a new class of adjuvant that could be employed for the development of multivalent transcutaneous vaccines (Supported in part by NIH Grant: AI 43197).