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Nitric Oxide Scavenging by Environmental Particles and Engineered Nanoparticles: Size and Composition Dependency
Author(s) -
Nurkiewicz Timothy R.,
Dreher Kevin L.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.731.10
Subject(s) - fly ash , particulates , nanoparticle , particle size , chemistry , scavenging , diesel exhaust , environmental chemistry , chemical engineering , combustion , materials science , nanotechnology , antioxidant , biochemistry , organic chemistry , engineering
Inhaled particulate matter (PM) elicits systemic biological responses such as impaired arteriolar dilation and increased venular leukocyte adhesion. One mechanism that may contribute to such effects is NO scavenging by pulmonary translocated particles. The purpose of this study was to determine if PM scavenges NO in vitro, and also determine if PM size or composition influences any such activity. PM was classified as combustion source particles, engineered nanoparticles or nuisance dusts. NO solutions were generated by SNAP and were measured with a NO sensor. A concentration of 1–2.5 μg/ml was used for each particle, and responses were normalized to a bolus SNAP dose, [NO]=841 nm. Among fly ashes, residual oil fly ash was the most potent scavenger, decreasing the signal by 67%. Coal fly ash from Western Kentucky and Montana, as well as Mt. St. Helens ash did not significantly alter NO levels. Diesel exhaust particles attenuated the NO signal by 19%. Among nanoparticles, TiO 2 decreased the NO signal by 39%. Single and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes did not produce an effect. These findings suggest that air particulate pollution as well as some engineered nanoparticles have the potential to scavenge NO, and this ability is heavily dependent upon particle size, composition and/or surface properties. Support: HEI #4730 and NIH RO1 ES015022 to TRN (This abstract does not necessarily reflect EPA policy)