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Renal Inflammation in Response to Cholesterol Feeding in the ApoE Deficient Mouse Detected In Vivo by Molecular Nanobeacons Targeted to VCAM‐1
Author(s) -
Zhang Huiying,
Kaneda Megan,
Zhang Lei,
Southworth Rick,
Chen Junjie,
Lanzan Gregory M,
Wickline Samuel A
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.466.12
Subject(s) - vcam 1 , apolipoprotein e , kidney , immunostaining , in vivo , inflammation , downregulation and upregulation , chemistry , cell adhesion molecule , medicine , endocrinology , pathology , icam 1 , immunology , biology , immunohistochemistry , biochemistry , disease , microbiology and biotechnology , gene
Atherosclerosis elicits kidney damage based on cholesterol‐macrophage response associated upregulated vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) expression. We employed a novel VCAM‐1 targeted fluorescent nanoparticles (NP) and immunochemistry to define the VCAM‐1 expression in apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE −/− ) mice kidney. Methods: ApoE −/− mice fed on a high cholesterol diet for 35 weeks were injected with VCAM‐1 targeted NP (n=6). Control groups were comprised ApoE −/− littermates treated with non‐targeted NP (n=5), C57/BL6 mice treated with VCAM‐1 targeted (n=5) and non‐targeted (n=6) NP. Mice were sacrificed two hours after treatment to allow NP binding to vascular VCAM‐1 receptors. Frozen sections of mouse kidneys were prepared for fluorescent imaging. Immunostaining of VCAM‐1 was performed on three ApoE −/− and three C57/BL6 mice kidneys. Results: Relative area with VCAM‐1 expression was significantly higher in ApoE −/− kidneys than that of controls (Fig. A, p<0.05). Fluorescent imaging revealed that VCAM‐1 targeted NP bound specifically to the glomeruls of ApoE −/− mice kidney (Fig. B) but not to that of controls (images not shown). Discussion: Upregulated VCAM‐1 in ApoE −/− mouse kidneys can be visualized with the targeted NP, suggesting VCAM‐1 targeted NP is a potential molecular imaging agent for early detection and monitoring of inflammation in renal disease.