Premium
Eggs modulate the inflammatory response to carbohydrate restricted diets in overweight men.
Author(s) -
Ratliff Joseph C,
Mutungi Gisella,
Puglisi Michael,
Volek Jeff S,
Fernandez Maria Luz
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.441.1
Subject(s) - medicine , endocrinology , adiponectin , adipokine , insulin , cholesterol , c reactive protein , chemistry , inflammation , insulin resistance
Carbohydrate restricted diets (CRD) lower glucose and insulin levels and improve atherogenic dyslipidemia. Dietary cholesterol has been shown to increase plasma HDL‐C independent of macronutrient composition. Twenty eight overweight men [body mass index (BMI) 26–37 kg/m²] aged 40–70 y consumed an ad libitum CRD (% CHO:fat:protein = 17:57:26) for 12 weeks. Subjects were matched by age and BMI and randomly assigned to consume eggs (EGG, n=15) (640 mg cholesterol/day provided by eggs) or placebo (SUB, n=13) (no added cholesterol). Fasting blood samples were drawn before and after the intervention to assess plasma lipids, insulin, adiponectin and markers of inflammation including C‐reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1(VCAM‐1). Body weight, percent total body fat and trunk fat were reduced for all subjects after 12 wk (P < 0.0001). Increases in adiponectin were also observed (P < 0.01). Subjects in the EGG group had a 21% increase in this adipokine compared to a 7% increase in the SUB group (P < 0.05). Plasma CRP was significantly decreased only in the EGG group (P < 0.05). MCP‐1 levels were decreased for all subjects but they were lower in the SUB compared to the EGG group (P< 0.05). VCAM‐1, ICAM‐1, TNF‐α, and IL‐8 were not modified by CRD or eggs. A CRD with daily intake of eggs decreased plasma CRP and increased plasma adiponectin compared to a CRD without eggs. These findings indicate that eggs are an important part of a CRD, possibly due to the presence of cholesterol and antioxidants such as lutein and vitamin E that modulate inflammatory responses.