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From 3‐D Cell Culture to Reparative Medicine: Matrix Materials that Meet the Translational Challenge
Author(s) -
Prestwich Glenn Downes
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.382.2
Subject(s) - extracellular matrix , in vivo , tissue engineering , regenerative medicine , in vitro , biomedical engineering , biomaterial , cell culture , drug delivery , biocompatible material , 3d cell culture , stem cell , materials science , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , nanotechnology , medicine , biology , biochemistry , genetics
Two‐dimensional (2‐D) cell culture on coated plastic is being replaced by culture on matrices with more appropriate composition and stiffness, or by encapsulation of cells in three‐dimensions (3‐D). The acceptance of this new 3‐D paradigm has been constrained by the lack of a commercially available, biocompatible material that offers ease of use, experimental flexibility, and a seamless transition from in vitro to in vivo applications. The standard for 3‐D cell culture should be a bio‐inspired, biomimetic material that can be used “as is” in drug discovery, toxicology, cell banking, and in the clinic. Such a biomaterial should be highly reproducible, manufacturable, approvable, and affordable. These criteria are met by a covalently crosslinked, biodegradable, simplified mimic of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that permits 3‐D culture of cells in vitro and enables tissue formation in vivo. These semi‐synthetic hyaluronan‐derived sECMs materials were developed for in vivo tissue repair, and have been reverse‐engineered for in vitro applications in research. Specific applications for different sECM compositions include stem cell expansion with control of differentiation, scar‐free wound healing, growth factor delivery, cell delivery for osteochondral defect and liver repair, and development of vascularized tumor xenografts for personalized chemotherapy.