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Exercise improves endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) dimerization in diabetic rats
Author(s) -
Edwards John G.,
Hicks Steve,
Grijalva James,
Zhao Xiangmin
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1235.3
Subject(s) - enos , medicine , endocrinology , peroxynitrite , sed , chemistry , nitric oxide , nitric oxide synthase , ventricle , oxidative stress , biochemistry , superoxide , enzyme
The dimeric form of eNOS catalyzes the rate‐limiting step in the synthesis of nitric oxide, while the monomeric form catalyzes the synthesis of peroxynitrite (ONOO), a highly reactive oxidant species (ROS). An increase in the monomer form in the hearts of diabetic animals has previously been reported and this may contribute to cardiac dysfunction. It is unclear if exercise may alter the functional coupling of eNOS. To investigate this question, Goto‐Kakizaki rats were exercise trained for 6‐weeks. Exercise training significantly increased both plantaris cytochrome oxidase activity as well as the left ventricle weight (sed: 0.72±0.02, train; 0.80±0.01 g). Exercise significantly improved glucose tolerance, decreased HbA1c, and fasting blood glucose levels (sed: 205±9.5 mg%; train: 174±9.5 mg%). Exercise training also increased both the total eNOS expression and the ratio of dimer to total eNOS in both the left ventricle (sed: 6.4±2.7%; train: 24.8±5.3%) and the kidney (sed: 12±2%; train: 20.7±3%). The increase in eNOS dimerization would be consistent with increased coupling of the enzyme to facilitate the production of NO at the expense of ROS generation, a shift that could serve to decrease diabetic‐related oxidative stress and that may serve to lessen diabetic‐related complications. Supported in part by the New York Medical College Research Endowment Fund.

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