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VESGEN/PIV Analysis of Blood Flow Determined by Microvascular Branching
Author(s) -
ParsonsWingerter Patricia A.,
McKay Terri L.,
Vickerman Mary B.,
Wernet Mark P,
Radhakrishnan Krishnan
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1141.8
Subject(s) - laminar flow , velocimetry , blood flow , volumetric flow rate , branching (polymer chemistry) , capillary action , particle image velocimetry , materials science , anatomy , flow velocity , flow (mathematics) , chemistry , mechanics , biomedical engineering , physics , biology , turbulence , composite material , medicine
Regulation of blood flow by microvascular branching was investigated by applying VESGEN 2D software (for Generational Analysis of Vessel Branching) to velocity flow fields imaged intravitally and analyzed by particle imaging velocimetry (PIV). Red blood cells (RBCs) were tracked by PIV as moving particles within capillaries, post‐capillary venules and small veins of the avian yolk sac at embryonic day 5. By newly automated, user‐interactive VESGEN 2D analysis, maximum flow velocity, volumetric flowrate and flow pulsatility obtained from highly parabolic laminar flow profiles decreased with decreasing vessel diameter and increasing branching order. In one flow field, for example, maximum and minimum average velocities of the largest (parent) vessel of generation one (G1, average vessel diameter Dv = 108 micron) were 916 and 830 micron/sec, compared to 800 and 698 micron/sec for G2 vessels (Dv = 88 micron), and 313 and 280 micron/sec for smaller vessels (lumped together as G3–G9, Dv = 18 micron). Overall, maximum average flow velocities decreased from approximately 2000 micron/sec in larger veins by 20‐fold in capillaries (NASA Glenn IR&D 04‐54).