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Presence of apo‐lycopenals in food products and human blood plasma
Author(s) -
Kopec Rachel Elizabeth,
Riedl Kenneth M,
Curley Robert W,
Harrison Earl H,
Schwartz Steven J
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1105.8
Subject(s) - lycopene , chemistry , food science , acetone , carotenoid , carotene , hexane , high performance liquid chromatography , chromatography , food products , blood plasma , biochemistry
Recent research has suggested that lycopene, like β‐carotene, may be metabolized in mammals by eccentric cleavage to aldehydes, catalyzed by β‐carotene oxygenase 2. Since apo‐6′‐ and apo‐8′‐lycopenal have been reported in raw tomato, we hypothesized that several lycopenals may be present in raw and processed foods as well as blood plasma. Lycopenal standards were prepared by in vitro oxidation of lycopene, and an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization negative HPLC‐MSMS method was developed to separate and detect the apo‐6′‐, 8′‐, 10′‐, 12′‐, and 14′‐lycopenal products formed in the reaction. Hexane/acetone extracts of raw tomato, processed tomato products, grapefruit, and watermelon were analyzed, as well as blood plasma of individuals consuming tomato juice for 8 weeks. Apo‐6′‐, 8′‐, 10′‐, 12′‐, and 14′‐lycopenals were detected in all food products tested, and apo‐6′‐, 8′‐, 10′‐, 12′‐ were detected in blood plasma. We conclude that several lycopenals, in addition to apo‐6′‐ and 8′‐, are present in lycopene containing food products and that the presence of apo‐lycopenals in plasma may partly derive from the absorption of lycopenals directly from food.