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Macronutrient composition modulates plasma adiponectine and appetite hormones during a weight loss intervention
Author(s) -
Ata Shymaa,
Vaishnav Ushma,
Puglisi Michael,
Lofgren Ingrid,
Mahan Elizabeth M,
Fernandez Maria Luz
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1090.11
Subject(s) - ghrelin , endocrinology , adiponectin , medicine , weight loss , leptin , appetite , hormone , chemistry , obesity , insulin resistance
To evaluate the effects of moderate carbohydrate restriction and increased physical activity on inflammation markers and appetite hormones, we recruited 70 premenopausal women with a body mass index (BMI) between 26–35 kg/m 2 . Plasma adiponectin, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) and ghrelin levels were assessed at baseline and after 10 wk of the weight loss intervention. All the food with the following macronutrient energy distribution: 40% carbohydrate, 30% fat and 30% protein was provided to the women during the 10 wk intervention. In addition, subjects progressively increased the number of steps taken per day for a total of additional 3 miles at the end of the intervention. Subjects reduced body weight by 4.5%, waist circumference by 6.4% and trunk fat by 4.6%. Plasma adiponectin was increased by 11% following the intervention (P< 0.05). ICAM‐1 levels were decreased (P < 0.05) while VCAM‐1 concentrations did not change after 10 wk. A negative correlation was found between final weight and adiponectin levels post‐intervention (r= −0.293, P < 0.025). Plasma ghrelin levels were increased by 17% following the intervention (P <0.001) indicating an increase in appetite associated with weight loss. Plasma ghrelin concentrations were negatively correlated with both leptin (r = −0.278, P< 0.05) and insulin (r= −0.279, P< 0.01) post‐intervention. These studies indicate that macronutrient composition and moderate physical activity modulate the hormonal and inflammatory response to weight loss.