Premium
Complementary feeding practices in contemporary Guatemalan infants: zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) intakes
Author(s) -
Mazariegos Manolo,
Westcott Jamie,
Krebs Nancy F.,
Goco Norman,
Gonzalez Michelle,
Kraushaar Hatai,
Wright Linda,
Solomons Noel W,
Hambidge K Michael
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1082.5
Subject(s) - breastfeeding , nutrient , context (archaeology) , zoology , micronutrient , population , medicine , zinc , energy density , dietary reference intake , food science , chemistry , pediatrics , environmental health , biology , ecology , paleontology , physics , organic chemistry , pathology , theoretical physics
Background: The lack of adequate complementary feeding (CF) practices in the infants of developing countries is a major contributor to morbidity in young children. Objective: In the context of a community nutrition trial in the Western Highlands of Guatemala, the nutrient content of Fe and Zn in diets of older infants was assessed. Methods: Cross‐sectional 24h‐interactive dietary recalls were obtained at 6 (n=78), 9 (130) and 12 (110) mo. Nutrient values were estimated by WFS (Berkeley, CA) and INCAP food composition tables. Results: Breastfeeding was reported in 100% of infants, with 90% having >6 feeds/d at each timepoint. Mean ± SD intakes/d at 6, 9 and 12 mo were: energy (kcal) 146±139 (min‐max, 0–848), 344±209 (29–1102), 359±198 (52–1130); protein (g) 4.2±5.0, 11.8±9.1, 12.0±7.8; animal protein (% of total) 35±34, 36±26, 34±25; Fe (mg) 1.1±1.6, 2.7±2.8, 3.3±3.5; Zn (mg) 0.7±1.0, 1.5±1.2, 1.5±0.9; animal source Zn (%) 26±37, 28±27, 24±24; phytate (mg) 119±172, 338±252, 413±283; phytate:Zn molar ratios 26±26, 24±14, 28±12. Conclusion: Infants’ plant‐based CF diets are low in Zn and Fe and have a high content of an absorption inhibitor. This suggests an increased risk of mineral deficiencies in this population. Supported by Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and NIH Office of Dietary Supplements.